Tent-cottage and ventilator therefor.



PATBNT-EDYMAY 15, 1906. 0. SGHRAM. TENT COTTAGE AND VENTILATOR THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEM/H15, 1905.

3 SHEETS-43112131 l.

NonmsPUns IMG LIMD WASNmuYON u c No. 820,526 PATENTED MAY15, 190s. v w i c. SGHRAM.

TENT COTTAGE-AND VENTILATOR THEREFOR. APPLICATION FILED DEG 15, 1905.

3 SHBETS-SHEET 2.

- E, fi eYLZO dMQ 7% 57M UNITED srA rEs PATENT oEEroE.

CHRISTOPHER SCHRAM,-OF DENVER, COLORADO. TENT -COTTAGE AND VENTILATOR THEREFOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed December 15, 1905. Serial No. 291,901.

No. 820,526. Patented May is, 190

.Il'o all whom, it may concern.-

a citizen of the United States of America, re ,1 Fig. 2. siding in the city and county of Denver and l of the ring-clamp plates whi State of Colorado, have invented a'new and rafters.

useful Tent-Cottage and Ventilator Therefor, of Which the following is a'specification.

My invention relates tentcottages, and )articularly to a combined ner by which the side rafters are secured ro ventilator and re ter-support therefor, and further contemplates the use of a hinged awning, which forms art of theend of the cottags or house, anc. of a ventilator just above the floor-level, the same beingdesigned as an improvement over h the p connection wlt mg and manner of holding the same open.

the inventlon forwhich lar parts throughoutthe several vlews. Letters Patent were granted to me onthe 10th day of January, 1905, No. 779,446. The object of my present invention is to provide a ventilator which also forms a support for the 11 )per ends of the rafters of t e 5;

. tent and for t is rafters which support a flap, tage or house is inclosed by the support being so arranged as to provide an air-space between the tent and fla which communicates with the interior of t e tent, 2 5 an additional ventilator in the form of a housing bein employed which also communicates wit the atmosphere and with the interior of the tent, suitable doors or covers being rovided both at the apex of the tent and in t e sides of the housing for regulating or cutting ofi the ventilation, the ventilation being renderedmoreieffectivei by an air inlet or ventilator of suitable construction located near the floor-line of the house.

A further object of the invention is to rovide an awning forming part of the en or side of the house, and also to construct the ventilator to receive a single chimneyipe, where a small tent is employed, or two 0 1mthe clapboard s rafters 4 an 4*. is secured to the rafters 5 and 5. 9 is formed between the tent and flag,

communicates with the interior of t 0 as will be hereinafter set fort patent, above referred to,

cut invention beingconfined to combine ventilator anil rafter clamp.

and an upper ney-pipes where a large tent is employed, the opening or openings at the top of the tent for each en by a pair of rafter-clarnprn plates, t e stovepipes being closed by a hinged cover the upper frame 11 being supporte a suitwhen the stoves are not in use.

I attain these objects by themechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-- 'Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through a tent-cottage providedwith my improved ventilator, which in th1s 1nwhich is located a chimney-pipe ventilating-doors, which stance 1s shown with a single"chinuiey-prpe. operated v Fig, 2 is a vertical longituc inal sectional view scribed. The lower frame 10 GOlllPI'lSBS the side strips 15, which are connected through a ventilator provided. with two chnnend on their under s des by ney-plpes. Fig. 3 1s a vertical transverse l tional view on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is Be it known that I, Cnrus'roPuEn SCHRAM, l a horizontal sectional view on the line 5 5 0f. Fig. 6 is a bottom lan view of one ch clamp the Hap- Fig. 7, is a bottom plan v ew of one of the half-ring clamplates which is used in l ate shown in Fig. 6. to improvements in Fig. 8 is a sectional view-illustrating the manto the side strips of theventilator-frames; and Fig. 9 is a 'vertical'sectional view through a portion of the tent, illustrating a hinged awn- Similar numerals of'reference refer to simi- Referring to the accompanying drawings, the numeral 1 refers to a tent-cottage, comprising the'studding 2, the plate 3, the tentrafters 4 and 4, and the flap-rafters 5 and About a half of the height of the cotclapboards 6, and the remainder is covered by a tent or canvas 7, which is secured at its lower edge to while the upper or ceiling portion is su ported upon and secured to the A flap or outer covering 8 Air-s ace w ch e tent,

The general construction of the house and the manner of securing the lower ends of the rafters 1s shown and described in my former and further reference to these points is unnecessary, my pres- The ventilator comprises alower frame it) frame 11, each of which is strips which are united at able distance above the lower frame by standards 12, a pair of which are secured near each end of the frame 10. Upon the upper frame is secured a housing 13, at one or both ends of 1'4, Tthe housing and lower frame being provided with are arranged and in a manner to be presently deat each a ring-plate 1.6

sectional view throu h the vehtilator on the and on their upper sides by half rin -plates 17 the two ring-plates beipg used when the no per frame 1 1.

.24, so that its ception that they ventilator is applied to a large tent, where two stoves would be required; but in a small tent where a single stove is required one ringplate only is necessary, two half ling-plates being employed at the other end of the flan? e, it being understood that the ring-plates support and steady the stovepipes whichpass through them. The upper ends of the end rafters 4 extend between the lates 16 and 17 and are tightly clamped in pliice by bolts 18, while the side rafters 4 at their up er ends are provided with stud-screws 19, wich extend through holes in the strips 15 and screw into nuts 20, which are rigidly secured in recesses 21 in the strips, and by this arrangement the rafters 4 and 4-rray be quickly and easily secured at their upper ends to the lower frame 10.

Above the openings in the ring-plates 16 are hinged doors 22, which rest upon the plates and cover the openings therein when stoves are not in use, and to the strips. 15 and extending from one plate'16 to the other is secured a piece of screen-cloth 23. Midway of the 'frame and extending from one side strip to the other is a cross-bar 24, and similar cross-bars 25 extend across the frame at the inner end of each ring-plate resting upon the top of the plate, the bar s being above the screen-cloth, as shown in Fig. 2. To each edge of the'centrlal cross-bar 24 is hinged a door 26, and these dools each extend from the central cross-bar to the adjacent end cross-bar 25, and in connection with the doors or covers 22 completely close the airexit at the top of the tent when they are down or in the position shown in Fig. 2.

A rope 27 is suitably secured at its ends to the doors 26and passes up and over a pair of pulleys 28, which are secured to a cross-bar 29, secured between the side strips of the up- It then extends down through an opening or openings in the cross-bar 24 and 1nt0 the inteiior of the house within convenient reach of the occupant. By pulling u on the rope 27 either-or both of the doors rriizy be raised to ventilate the house, and when the rope is released the door or doors will fall by gravity and close the ventilator, and in order to insure the falling of the dome a blade-sp1ing 30 is secured to the cross-bar doors, and as the doors are raised they will contact with these ends of the springs and bend them up, and the recoil of the spring when the rope is released will force the doors down.

The upper frame 11 is sin ilar in construction to the frame 10 and strips 31, which are connected at their ends by under half-ring plates 32 and upper ringplates 33. These plates are similar to the plates 16 and 17 of the frame 10, with theexoccupy a reverse position, the ring-plates being above, and these plates ends :Will extend out over the.

cured to the rin is made up of side 33 are provided on their outer edges with depending or introverted lips 33, while the half-ring plates132 are provided with sin ilar but upwardly-projecting lips 32. These lips 32 and 33 aze oppositely positioned With respect to each other .and'occur at*the points where the rafters '5 extend betwern the plates, and by screwing nuts on the ends of bolts 34, which extend down through both plates between the ends of the rafters, the lips 32 and 33 will be entb'edded'in the ends of the raftezs, and thus securely hold them in place between the plates.

The chimney-pipes 14 rest upon and are se- -plates 33 and are provided.

with lateral wings 35, which are secured to the ends of the sides of the housing 13 and also close the opening at each end" thereof. The housing is preferably provided with a hipped roof, which is secured to the sides and to end boards located adjacent to the chimney-pipes, and each side is provided with an outwardly-swinging door 36,which is hinged at its upper edge to are opened and closed in the nor: A rod 37 extends from the interior of the house up through slots in the cross-bars 24 and 29 to'within a short distance of the top of the housing, and to the upper end of this rod is pivoted a pair of arms 38, which extend downward and outward, and their opposite ends are pivotally connected at or below the horizontal centers of the doors 36. As "the ends of the arms 38, which are pivoted to the rod 37, are on a higher plane than the ends which are pivoted to the doors 36, it will be seen that by pulling down upon the rod the arms will assume a horizontal position and thereby force the doors open. The rod is provided with a stop-pin 30, which contacts with the cross-bar 29 and limits the downward movement of the rod, but this pin is so positioned that it does not engage the crossbar until the ends of the arms which are pi\'- oted to the rod are on av lower horizontal plane than the ends which are pivoted to the doors, and in this position the pressure (in-the rod will be downward and the doors will thus be held open until the rod is pushed upaga-in. To insure the closing of the doors and to prevent 'tl-ieirlieing blown open, a coiled spring following man- .40 is attached at its ends to the doors and secured midway of its length to the roof of the housing by a able way, the spring being under sullieient tension to exert a strong pull on the doors, so that when the doors are opened the spring will be expanded or drawn out, and when the rod is pushed up to close thevdoors the spring will contract and act conjunction with the rod to close the doors, and hold them in a closed position. The doors or coifi' rs 22, which lie above the ring-plates lofnijp rinally" close'the opei'iings in these plates, "a'nd the space between the plates 16 and 17, where the the side, and these doors screw-eye or in any other suit-' and en boards, is then secured to the. cla

u throu h the rin lifts the P hinges,

' draft, and thus vthis'ventilator being especially serviceable at of which and on the inner side of the strip is which extends a lower edge of the aperture 49.

when the awning willdrop by gravity, and the projecting end of the hinge-plate 53 will extend into the aperture 49 of the strip 48, permitting the bar to be swung up, so that its opposite end may be secured in any preferred way, preferably by being engaged by a hook or staple, thus preventing the opening of the rafters 4 enter, is closed by semicircular flanged plates 41, which fit W'Ithlll the plate 17', the' lower edges resting on the plate 16, while their flanges engage the plates 17, as will be seen by reference to Figs. 2 and5. When a stove is used, the pipe 42 is shoved late 16, and thereby oor 22, w nch swings back on its awning from the outside. I as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 3, so as not to be in the'wa'y' of the stovepi'pe. The stovepipe is pushed up into the chimneyipe a sufficient distance to insure a good prevent smoke from settling in he house. When the doors 26 0111 are opened, the house is ventilated throug the s ace between the tent and flap, and when t e doors 36 are opened direct ventilation is obtained through the housing.

At any suitable point in the house and just above t e floor-level I provide an additional ventilator which is constructed in the following manner; An opening of suitable size is made in the side of the house by cutting out a part of a clapboard, or, as illustrated in the drawings, a plurality of holes 43 are bored through the clapboards, and

improved means of ventilation and other features forms a convenient and practical house for camping parties and also for invalids, an when not in use the house may be quickly and easily taken down and packed so as to occupy but a small amount of space.

Having described} the invention, What I claim as new, andgdsire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

an inner and outer set or'rafters, of frames clamped to the upper ends of the rafters, each comprisin side strips, and a pair of lates at each end, etween which the ends of the raf-' ters are clamped, one plate in each pair being in the form of a ring, while the other is in the form of a half-ring; swinging covers above the ring plates of the inner frame, which normally close the openings therein; outwardlyswinging ventilating-doors in said frame, an means for opening said doors; a housing upon the outer frame, having outwardly-swinging doors; means for opening and closing the doors, and a chimney-pipe at thecnd of the housing, above the openings in the ring-plates of the two frames.

2. The combinat'on with a tent-cottage of the character described, having inner an outer rafters and acanvas covering for each, ofa ventilator therefor, comprising inner and outer frames, which are clamped respectively to the upper ends of the inner and outer rafters, each frame comprising side strips and a pair of rafter-clamping plates at each en one of which is in the form of a ring while the other is in the form of a half-ring hinged covers which normally close the-openings rings of the inner frame; outwardly-swinging doors in said frame communicating with the space between the two sets of rafters, and means comprising rope and pulleys for operating the doors; a housing on the outer frame having outwardly-swinging doors, and means for operating the doors comprising arms pivoted at their outer ends to the doors; a re extendingup through the frames, to the upper end of which the inner ends of the arms are pivotallysecure'd, and chimney-pipes at the ends of the housing, in line with the ringplates.

the character deover these is secured a piece of wire-screen cloth 44. A hopa front board per-sha ed box 45, comprising boards, so as to mclose the holes 43, and t e top of the box or ventilator is close a hinged cover 46, which may be opened w en it is desired to admit fresh air into the house,

night should it be and windows.

In order to insure desired to close the door an abundance of air and light,'.I provide a window at an suitable point, preferably on one side oft e door of the house, over which is secured a piece 0 wire-screen cloth 47. This window is divided centrally by a vertical strip 48, which extends from top to bottom and is provided at a point, preferably at or below its center, with a rectangular aperture 49, at the lower edge secured a metal plate 50, the upper edge of slight distance above the To the outside of the window is hinged at its upper end a canvas-covered frame 51, which normally forms part of the side of the house. The frame 51 is also divided centrally by a stri or bar 52, to which is secured a right-angle hinge-plate 53, the projecting portion of which. extends through the aperture 49 of the strip 48 when the frame is down or in a closed position. To the plate 53 is hinged one end of a bar 54, the other end of whlch extends through the aperture 49 and is provided with a oove 55, which is engaged by the plate 50 to hold the awning out or in an open position,

3. In a tent-cottage of scribed, the combination with the inner an outer rafters, of frames secured at the upper but when it is desired to close the window the ends of the rafters, comprising side strips an inner end of the bar 54 is raised slightly, so as end clamping-plates, which clamp the rafto disengage its groove from the plate 50, 'ters, and whi h are provided with stovepipe- The herein-described tent-cottage with its I 1. In a tent-cottage, the combination with in the clamped upon the openings hinged covers which normally close the said openings; a cross-bar midway of the I inner frame; doors hinged to the and a screen-cloth below the bar midway of the upper frame and a pair of pulleys secured thereto; a flexible connection secured at its ends to the doors, the reniaining portion being passed over the pulleys and extending in a loop into the interior of the house; a lioiisiiig ipoi'i the upper frame, having outwardly-swinging doors, and a chimney-pipe at each end of the housing in line with the openings in the clamping-plates; a rod which passes up through openii'igs in the cross-bars, and into the housing; arms pivoted at their inner ends to the rod, and at their outer ends to the doors in the housing, said arms being adapted to push the doors open when the rod is pulled down, and springs for insuring the closing of the doors.

4. In a tent-cottage, having an inner and outer set of rafters, a ventilator therefor, comprising horizontal frames, each "coi'iiprising side strips, and a pair of clamping-plates at each end, one of each pair being in the form of a ring, while the other is in the form of .a half-ring, the said plates being adapted to be ends of the rafters, while those of the upper frame are provided on their edges with intrm'erted lips which cut into the rafters; hinged doors upon the lower frame, and means for operating them; a housing on the upper frame having outwardlyswinging doors, and means for operating them; a chimney-pipe at each end of the housing in line with the ring-plates; hinged covers which normally close the ring-pla crossbar, doors; a crossof the lower frame, and semicircular plates which rest upon the said ring-plates and close the openings at the ends of the frame. 5. In a ventilator for tent-cottages, a horizontal frame, comprising side strips and a pair of clampingplates at each end; a crossbar in said frame, outwardly-swinging doors hi'iged to said cross-bar, means for operating the doors, and a spring for insuring the closing of the doorsw -fi V v 6. In -a"ventilator for tent-cottages, a-hori- Zontal frame comprising side strips, connect ed at their ends by pairs of dished clampplates, the lower plates being in the form of rings, while tlfe upper plates are in the form of half-rings; hinged covers for the openings in the ring plates; outwardly-s inging doors hinged to the frame and means for operating them; standards secured to the frame, and a similar frame secured to the top of the standards, the clamp-plates of which are reverse 4 in positionia housing upon the upper frame having outwardly-swinging doors; chimneypipes secured to the ends of the housing and resting upon the ring-plates; a rod extending into the housing, having arms pivoted there to, which extend and are doors; a pin in the bar, and an abutment with which said pin contacts, to limit the downward movement of the bar, and a spring for normally holding the doors in a closed position. it

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHRISTOPHER SCHRAM. \Vitnesses G. SARGENT ELLIOTT, BESSIE TnoMPsoN.

downward and outward, pivoted at their opposite ends to the 

